Quick answer
Each guide answers one question from the official text: which origin document a shipment needs, what CBAM costs, what each ICC clause covers, how much a carrier pays for a loss and how long you have to claim. Every guide lists its sources and the date they were read.
Last updated: 1 November 2026
A.TR vs EUR.1: Which Document Does Your Export Need?
A.TR, EUR.1, invoice declaration or certificate of origin? Which document a shipment from Türkiye needs for the EU, FTA countries and others, from the Trade Ministry.
Read the guideCBAM in 2026: Who Pays, Which Goods, How Much?
EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism in 2026: covered goods, who pays, the default-value mark-up, the CBAM factor to 2034, certificate prices and a worked example.
Read the guideICC (A), (B) and (C): What Each Cargo Clause Covers
What Institute Cargo Clauses (A), (B) and (C) cover: risk-by-risk table, common exclusions and the Incoterms 2020 minimums for CIF and CIP.
Read the guideCarrier Liability Limits: CMR, Montreal and Hague-Visby
How much a carrier pays for lost or damaged cargo: CMR 8.33 SDR/kg, Montreal 26 SDR/kg, Hague-Visby 666.67 SDR per package or 2 SDR/kg, with euro examples.
Read the guideCargo Claim Deadlines: Road, Sea and Air
How long you have to notify the carrier and sue after cargo damage or delay under CMR, Hague-Visby and Montreal, and which documents to collect.
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